What
does scripture teach us in regard to whether or not we should forgive
others if they do not show any signs of repentance? The following is
a write-up on this subject following much study and prayer.
In the parable of Matthew 18
Peter asks, “Lord, how often will my brother sin against me,
and I forgive him? As many as seven times?” Jesus said to him, “I
do not say to you seven times, but seventy-seven times.” (In
the KJV this reads seventy times seven.) The
point is that we must forgive over and over, and not
try to even keep count. We must note here that Jesus does not say IF
your brother repents, you must forgive him. Each parable was told in
order to bring across one clear message. The Parable of the
Unforgiving Servant tells us of a man who owed a great debt that
he could not pay. It also tells of how his master mercifully canceled
that debt, absolving him of payment. The same man who was forgiven
the debt failed to show mercy to another who owed him a paltry amount
in comparison. Upon finding this out, the master then delivered the
unforgiving servant to the jailers until he should pay all the debt
(which would be impossible for him to do). We need to see in this
parable our own story. We owed a great debt we could not pay, and yet
God, in his mercy absolved us of that debt, (if we are His children).
In Colossians 2:13-14 we read, “And you, who
were dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh,
God made alive together with him, having forgiven us all our
trespasses, by canceling the record of debt that stood against us
with its legal demands. This he set aside, nailing it to the cross.”
Considering the enormous debt we have been freed from paying, we must
freely forgive others the small debts they owe us in comparison. IF
we refuse to forgive others their offenses against us, then we cannot
expect God to forgive our debt against Him, “For if you
forgive others their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also
forgive you, but if you do not forgive others their trespasses,
neither will your Father forgive your trespasses” (Matthew
6:14-15).
A
good example of forgiveness before repentance occurs can be found in
the Parable
of the Prodigal
Son.
Long before the wayward son asked for forgiveness, the father granted
it. In Luke 15:20 we read, “while he was still
a long way off, his father saw him and felt compassion, and ran and
embraced him and kissed him”. In
this parable we also must see our own story. If we are children of
God, our heavenly Father has shown us great compassion, for “God
shows his love for us in that while we were still sinners, Christ
died for us. Since, therefore, we have now been justified by his
blood, much more shall we be saved by him from the wrath of God. For
if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God by the death of
his Son, much more, now that we are reconciled, shall we be saved by
his life. More than that, we also rejoice in God through our Lord
Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received reconciliation”
(Romans 5:8-11).
Scripture
does not tell us that we were reconciled to God after
we
repented, but while we were still in our sin and enemies of God, “He
has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to
the kingdom of his beloved Son, in whom we have redemption, the
forgiveness of sins” (Col. 1:13-14).
In lieu of God’s great mercy toward us who have been forgiven so
great a debt we could not pay,
we
must, in obedience to scripture’s teaching, forgive as the Lord has
forgiven us (Col. 3:13) and leave the rest up to God. We
must also understand that there
can only be reconciliation of relationships if God
brings it about.
Our
responsibility is to attempt reconciliation, pray for it and leave
the rest in God’s hands, “All this is from
God, who through Christ reconciled us to himself and gave us the
ministry of reconciliation” (2 Corinthians 5:18) ; “Therefore, we
are ambassadors for Christ, God making his appeal through us. We
implore you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God” (2
Corinthians 5:20).
In
Luke 17 Jesus again
teaches us the importance of forgiveness, but with a different view
in mind.
Jesus
tells the disciples here “If your
brother sins, rebuke him, and if he repents, forgive him, and if he
sins against you seven times in the day, and turns to you seven
times, saying, ‘I repent,’ you must forgive him” (Luke
17: 3). We must understand that to forgive someone does not
always mean we do not hold them accountable for their sin. Many times
we can, (and should) overlook minor offenses against us, as the
unforgiving servant in the Matthew 18 parable should have done,
“Above all, keep loving one another earnestly,
since love covers a multitude of sins” (1 Peter 4:8).
However, scripture does teach us, “Brothers, if
anyone is caught in any transgression, you who are spiritual should
restore him in a spirit of gentleness. Keep watch on yourself, lest
you too be tempted” (Galatians 6: 1).
The teaching here is that we must hold those who claim
to be Christians accountable for their transgression, and be willing
to forgive that one as many times as he/she repents, which may not be
an easy task, especially if one offends us over and over and over in
the same day. We need to follow the example set forth in Matthew
18:15-17 “If your brother sins against you, go and tell him
his fault, between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have
gained your brother. But if he does not listen, take one or two
others along with you, that every charge may be established by the
evidence of two or three witnesses. If he refuses to listen to them,
tell it to the church. And if he refuses to listen even to the
church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector,”
meaning
we must treat that individual as an unbeliever who is need of being
shown the compassion and love of God. The point of both
teachings is that we must forgive. We must forgive even if repentance
does not occur, and we must forgive over and over even when it does
occur, “bearing with one another and, if one
has a complaint against another, forgiving each other; as the Lord
has forgiven you, so you also must forgive” (Colossians
3:13).
Scripture
leaves us no leeway for being unforgiving. God alone determines whose
sins He will forgive, whose transgressions will be covered by the
blood of Christ, “For he says to
Moses, “I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have
compassion on whom I have compassion.” So then it depends not on
human will or exertion, but on God, who has mercy. For the Scripture
says to Pharaoh, “For this very purpose I have raised you up, that
I might show my power in you, and that my name might be proclaimed in
all the earth.” So then he has mercy on whomever he wills, and he
hardens whomever he wills.” (Romans 9:15-18).
With
the correct understanding that all were destined for hell, not one of
us is deserving of anything less it is easier to see how “...God,
desiring to show his wrath and to make known his power, has endured
with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction, in
order to make known the riches of his glory for vessels of mercy,
which he has prepared beforehand for glory.” He
will forgive those He has chosen to forgive and we must forgive all-
not knowing exactly who He has chosen to forgive.
We
must understand all of these issues within the context of the entire
teaching of scripture which summed up in one command is, “You
shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your
soul and with all your strength and with all your mind, and your
neighbor as yourself.” Obedience
to God’s commands is the best way we can show our love for Him,“If
you love me, you will keep my commandments” (John 14:15). Obedience
to God’s commands is the best way we show our love for others as
well, “By this we know that we love the
children of God, when we love God and obey his commandments” (1
John 5:2). One
of God’s commands is “as the Lord has
forgiven you, so you also must forgive” (Colossians 3:13).